Dye Sensitised Solar Cells (DSSC)

What are dye sensitised solar cells (DSSC)?

Dye sensitised solar cells are unique in that they use separate materials for the absorption of light and the charge transport of electrons and holes. Light is absorbed by a dye, which is known as the sensitiser. This dye is adsorbed to a semiconductor material. At the dye-semconductor interface, the excitons (electron-hole pairs) created in the dye upon light absorption are dissociated into their constituent electron and hole parts. The semiconductor material is typically titanium dioxide as it is cheap, widely available and non-toxic. The final component of the cell is the electrolyte, which provides a transport route for the positively charged hole. 

What are the challenges for Dye-Sensitised Solar Cells?

There are many unwanted side process that can result in a loss of efficiency in a DSSC. These include electron recombination in the electrolyte or with the dye sensitiser. Furthermore, the rate of charge transfer in the semiconductor and electrolyte are critical to the cell efficiency. 

The spectral responce of the dye is also a key feature. Increasing the range over which the dye absorbs will increase the amount of energy that the cell can harvest. The dyes need to contain functionality that helps them adsorb to the semiconductor and in addition they must have a high extinction coeficcient (a measure of the absorption of light in a material).

The development and optimisation of low cost manufacturing processes that can be used to scale-up the production of OPV cells, while still maintaining the efficiency of the cells, is a challenge that needs to be more widely addressed if OPV cells are to impact on the mainstream market.

How are these challenges being addressed by SISER researchers?

Researchers at the University of Edinburgh are investigating the design, synthesis and characterisation of novel dyes for use within DSSC. Their work is aimed at the preparation of new dyes to allow construction of solar cells with better light-harvesting efficiency and stability. Additional research is focused on replacing the liquid electrolyte (typically iodine) in the cells with a solid-state hole transporter. This would make the cells more stable, easier to manufacture and more robust. Finally, investgations are being carried out into cheaper, more efficient and stable molecular dyes and quantum dots. 

Heriot-Watt University are leading a multimillion pound project on Advancing the Energy Efficiency and the production potential of Excitonic Solar Cells (APEX), which is jointly funded by EPSRC in the UK and DST in India. The project brings together six leading institutions in India (NPL Delhi, NCL Pune, IISc / IISc Bangalore/ IICT Hyderabad, IIT Delhi  and IIT Kanpur) and five leading institutions in the UK (University of Cambridge, University of Oxford, Imperial College London, University of Edinburgh and Heriot-Watt University) towards achieving common scientific and technical objectives. The project also involves the participation from major industries from India and the UK. APEX focuses on the development of new functional materials, device structures, materials processing and engineering of photovoltaic modules utilising Excitonic Solar Cells (ESCs). These are a class of nano-structured solar cells based on organic nano-composites and dye-sensitised nanocrystalline TiO2 materials. The ultimate goal is to scale up the flexible solar cells and eventually produce mini modules prepared by Heriot-Watt University.

SISER researchers with interest in this area are: Prof. Graeme Cooke and Dr Neil Robertson.

Full details of all SISER researchers are found on the SISER People Page. 

Publications

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1. J W Bowers, H M Upadhyaya, S Calnan, R Hashimoto, T Nakada and A N Tiwari. Development of Nano-TiO2 Dye Sensitised Solar Cells on High Mobility Transparent Conducting Oxide Thin Films. Progress in Photovoltaics 17(4):265-272, 2009.
   BibTeX

   @article{Development of Nano-TiO2 Dye Sensitised Solar Cells on High Mobility Transparent Conducting Oxide Thin Films,
   	author = "Bowers, J. W. and Upadhyaya, H. M. and Calnan, S. and Hashimoto, R. and Nakada, T. and Tiwari, A. N.",
   	title = "Development of Nano-TiO2 Dye Sensitised Solar Cells on High Mobility Transparent Conducting Oxide Thin Films",
   	journal = "Progress in Photovoltaics",
   	volume = 17,
   	number = 4,
   	pages = "265-272",
   	note = "Times Cited: 16 Bowers, Jake/G-1126-2010 16",
   	year = 2009
   }
   

2. J W Bowers, H M Upadhyaya, T Nakada and A N Tiwari. Effects of surface treatments on high mobility ITiO coated glass substrates for dye sensitized solar cells and their tandem solar cell applications. Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells 94(4):691-696, 2010.
   BibTeX

   @article{Effects of surface treatments on high mobility ITiO coated glass substrates for dye sensitized solar cells and their tandem solar cell applications,
   	author = "Bowers, J. W. and Upadhyaya, H. M. and Nakada, T. and Tiwari, A. N.",
   	title = "Effects of surface treatments on high mobility ITiO coated glass substrates for dye sensitized solar cells and their tandem solar cell applications",
   	journal = "Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells",
   	volume = 94,
   	number = 4,
   	pages = "691-696",
   	note = "Times Cited: 3 Bowers, Jake/G-1126-2010 Si Symposium on Mesoscopic Dye Sensitized and Organic Heterojunction Solar Cells held at the e-MRS 2009 Spring Meeting 2009 Strasbourg, FRANCE E-mrs 3",
   	year = 2010
   }
   

3. Alberto Fattori, Laurence M Peter, Keri L McCall, Neil Robertson and Frank Marken. Adsorption and redox chemistry of cis-RuLL'(SCN)(2) with L=4,4'-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridine and L'=4,4'-dinonyl-2,2'-bipyridine (Z907) at FTO and TiO2 electrode surfaces. Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry 14(10):1929-1936, 2010.
   BibTeX

   @article{,
   	adsorption and redox chemistry of cis-rull'(scn)(2) with l = "",
   	author = "Fattori, Alberto and Peter, Laurence M. and McCall, Keri L. and Robertson, Neil and Marken, Frank",
   	title = "Adsorption and redox chemistry of cis-RuLL'(SCN)(2) with L=4,4'-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridine and L'=4,4'-dinonyl-2,2'-bipyridine (Z907) at FTO and TiO2 electrode surfaces",
   	journal = "Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry",
   	volume = 14,
   	number = 10,
   	pages = "1929-1936",
   	note = "Times Cited: 9 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 Symposium on Nanostructured Materials for Electrochemical Energy Systems - Lithium Batteries, Supercapacitors and Fuel Cells held at ICMAT 2009 Jun 28-jul 03, 2009 Singapore, SINGAPORE 9",
   	year = 2010
   }
   

4. Synthesis, structure and properties of Pt(2,2 '-bipyridyl-5,5 '-dicarboxylic acid)(3,4-toluenedithiolate) : tuning molecular properties for application in dye-sensitised solar cells. Dalton Transactions (19):3757-3762, 2003.
   BibTeX

   @article{Synthesis,
   	structure and properties of pt(2,2 '-bipyridyl-5,5 '-dicarboxylic acid)(3,4-toluenedithiolate) : tuning molecular properties for application in dye-sensitised solar cells, author = "Geary, E. A. M. and Hirata, N. and Clifford, J. and Durrant, J. R. and Parsons, S. and Dawson, A. and Yellowlees, L. J. and Robertson, N.",
   	title = "Synthesis, structure and properties of Pt(2,2 '-bipyridyl-5,5 '-dicarboxylic acid)(3,4-toluenedithiolate) : tuning molecular properties for application in dye-sensitised solar cells",
   	journal = "Dalton Transactions",
   	number = 19,
   	pages = "3757-3762",
   	note = "Times Cited: 45 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 45",
   	year = 2003
   }
   

5. Spectroscopic, electrochemical and computational study of Pt-diimine-dithiolene complexes: rationalising the properties of solar cell dyes. Dalton Transactions (28):3701-3708, 2008.
   BibTeX

   @article{Spectroscopic,
   	electrochemical and computational study of pt-diimine-dithiolene complexes: rationalising the properties of solar cell dyes, author = "Geary, Elaine A. M. and McCall, Keri L. and Turner, Andrew and Murray, Paul R. and McInnes, Eric J. L. and Jack, Lorna A. and Yellowleesa, Lesley J. and Robertson, Neil",
   	title = "Spectroscopic, electrochemical and computational study of Pt-diimine-dithiolene complexes: rationalising the properties of solar cell dyes",
   	journal = "Dalton Transactions",
   	number = 28,
   	pages = "3701-3708",
   	note = "Times Cited: 20 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 21",
   	year = 2008
   }
   

6. S A Haque, E Palomares, H M Upadhyaya, L Otley, R J Potter, A B Holmes and J R Durrant. Flexible dye sensitised nanocrystalline semiconductor solar cells. Chemical Communications (24):3008-3009, 2003.
   BibTeX

   @article{Flexible dye sensitised nanocrystalline semiconductor solar cells,
   	author = "Haque, S. A. and Palomares, E. and Upadhyaya, H. M. and Otley, L. and Potter, R. J. and Holmes, A. B. and Durrant, J. R.",
   	title = "Flexible dye sensitised nanocrystalline semiconductor solar cells",
   	journal = "Chemical Communications",
   	number = 24,
   	pages = "3008-3009",
   	note = "Times Cited: 85 Palomares, Emilio/G-5251-2012 85",
   	year = 2003
   }
   

7. Kamrul Hasan and Eli Zysman-Colman. Panchromic Cationic Iridium(III) Complexes. Inorganic Chemistry 51(22):12560-12564, 2012.
   BibTeX

   @article{Panchromic Cationic Iridium(III) Complexes,
   	author = "Hasan, Kamrul and Zysman-Colman, Eli",
   	title = "Panchromic Cationic Iridium(III) Complexes",
   	journal = "Inorganic Chemistry",
   	volume = 51,
   	number = 22,
   	pages = "12560-12564",
   	note = "Times Cited: 3 Hasan, Kamrul/D-1509-2011; Zysman-Colman, Eli/J-6102-2012 Hasan, Kamrul/0000-0001-9676-5945; 3",
   	year = 2012
   }
   

8. S N B Hodgson, L Weng, L Mascia, S Y Ng, D G Infield and R Gottschalg. Low-temperature processing of photoelectrochemical solar cells. Proceedings of 3rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, Vols a-C series, 2003.
   BibTeX

   @book{Low-temperature processing of photoelectrochemical solar cells,
   	author = "Hodgson, S. N. B. and Weng, L. and Mascia, L. and Ng, S. Y. and Infield, D. G. and Gottschalg, R.",
   	title = "Low-temperature processing of photoelectrochemical solar cells",
   	series = "Proceedings of 3rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion, Vols a-C",
   	note = "Times Cited: 0 Hodgson, Simon/E-3636-2012; Gottschalg, Ralph/C-3654-2013 Hodgson, Simon/0000-0003-2820-2985; Gottschalg, Ralph/0000-0002-0066-0899 3rd World Conference on Photovoltaic Energy Conversion May 11-18, 2003 Osaka, JAPAN WCPEC-3 Org Comm; Inst Elect, Informat & Commun Engineers; Japan Soc Aeronaut & Space Sci; Chem Soc Japan; Japan Sect Int Solar Energy Soc; Electrochem Soc Japan; Japan Solar Energy Soc",
   	pages = "216-219",
   	year = 2003
   }
   

9. Substituted Cu(I)(POP)(bipyridyl) and related complexes: Synthesis, structure, properties and applications to dye-sensitised solar cells. Dalton Transactions 39(38):8945-8956, 2010.
   BibTeX

   @article{Substituted Cu(I)(POP)(bipyridyl) and related complexes: Synthesis,
   	structure, properties and applications to dye-sensitised solar cells, author = "Linfoot, Charlotte L. and Richardson, Patricia and Hewat, Tracy E. and Moudam, Omar and Forde, Michael M. and Collins, Anna and White, Fraser and Robertson, Neil",
   	title = "Substituted Cu(I)(POP)(bipyridyl) and related complexes: Synthesis, structure, properties and applications to dye-sensitised solar cells",
   	journal = "Dalton Transactions",
   	volume = 39,
   	number = 38,
   	pages = "8945-8956",
   	note = "Times Cited: 18 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 18",
   	year = 2010
   }
   

10. Charlotte L Linfoot, Patricia Richardson, Keri L McCall, James R Durrant, Ana Morandeira and Neil Robertson. A nickel-complex sensitiser for dye-sensitised solar cells. Solar Energy 85(6):1195-1203, 2011.
    BibTeX

    @article{A nickel-complex sensitiser for dye-sensitised solar cells,
    	author = "Linfoot, Charlotte L. and Richardson, Patricia and McCall, Keri L. and Durrant, James R. and Morandeira, Ana and Robertson, Neil",
    	title = "A nickel-complex sensitiser for dye-sensitised solar cells",
    	journal = "Solar Energy",
    	volume = 85,
    	number = 6,
    	pages = "1195-1203",
    	note = "Times Cited: 6 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 Si 6",
    	year = 2011
    }
    

11. P Liska, K R Thampi, M Gratzel, D Bremaud, D Rudmann, H M Upadhyaya and A N Tiwari. Nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cell/copper indium gallium selenide thin-film tandem showing greater than 15% conversion efficiency. Applied Physics Letters 88(20), 2006.
    BibTeX

    @article{Nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cell/copper indium gallium selenide thin-film tandem showing greater than 15% conversion efficiency,
    	author = "Liska, P. and Thampi, K. R. and Gratzel, M. and Bremaud, D. and Rudmann, D. and Upadhyaya, H. M. and Tiwari, A. N.",
    	title = "Nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cell/copper indium gallium selenide thin-film tandem showing greater than 15% conversion efficiency",
    	journal = "Applied Physics Letters",
    	volume = 88,
    	number = 20,
    	note = "Times Cited: 51 Graetzel, Michael/G-4870-2011; Balasingam, Suresh Kannan/E-1631-2013 Balasingam, Suresh Kannan/0000-0003-3774-4209 56",
    	year = 2006
    }
    

12. Ross I Macdonald, Russell F Howe, Sina Saremi-Yarahmadi and K G U Wijayantha. Photoinduced Superparamagnetism in Nanostructured a-Fe203. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters 1(16):2488-2492, 2010.
    BibTeX

    @article{Photoinduced Superparamagnetism in Nanostructured a-Fe203,
    	author = "Macdonald, I. Ross and Howe, Russell F. and Saremi-Yarahmadi, Sina and Wijayantha, K. G. U.",
    	title = "Photoinduced Superparamagnetism in Nanostructured a-Fe203",
    	journal = "Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters",
    	volume = 1,
    	number = 16,
    	pages = "2488-2492",
    	note = "Times Cited: 4",
    	year = 2010
    }
    

13. Ross I Macdonald, Russell F Howe, Xinyuan Zhang and Wuzong Zhou. In situ EPR studies of electron trapping in a nanocrystalline rutile. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology a-Chemistry 216(2-3):238-243, 2010.
    BibTeX

    @article{In situ EPR studies of electron trapping in a nanocrystalline rutile,
    	author = "Macdonald, I. Ross and Howe, Russell F. and Zhang, Xinyuan and Zhou, Wuzong",
    	title = "In situ EPR studies of electron trapping in a nanocrystalline rutile",
    	journal = "Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology a-Chemistry",
    	volume = 216,
    	number = "2-3",
    	pages = "238-243",
    	note = "Times Cited: 6 SI",
    	year = 2010
    }
    

14. Ross I Macdonald, Shona Rhydderch, Emily Holt, Neil Grant, John M D Storey and Russell F Howe. EPR studies of electron and hole trapping in titania photocatalysts. Catalysis Today 182(1):39-45, 2012.
    BibTeX

    @article{EPR studies of electron and hole trapping in titania photocatalysts,
    	author = "Macdonald, I. Ross and Rhydderch, Shona and Holt, Emily and Grant, Neil and Storey, John M. D. and Howe, Russell F.",
    	title = "EPR studies of electron and hole trapping in titania photocatalysts",
    	journal = "Catalysis Today",
    	volume = 182,
    	number = 1,
    	pages = "39-45",
    	note = "Times Cited: 1",
    	year = 2012
    }
    

15. Keri L McCall, James R Jennings, Hongxia Wang, Ana Morandeira, Laurence M Peter, James R Durrant, Lesley J Yellowlees and Neil Robertson. Dinuclear Ru-Cu Complexes: Electronic Characterisation and Application to Dye-Sensitised Solar Cells. European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry (4):589-596, 2011.
    BibTeX

    @article{Dinuclear Ru-Cu Complexes: Electronic Characterisation and Application to Dye-Sensitised Solar Cells,
    	author = "McCall, Keri L. and Jennings, James R. and Wang, Hongxia and Morandeira, Ana and Peter, Laurence M. and Durrant, James R. and Yellowlees, Lesley J. and Robertson, Neil",
    	title = "Dinuclear Ru-Cu Complexes: Electronic Characterisation and Application to Dye-Sensitised Solar Cells",
    	journal = "European Journal of Inorganic Chemistry",
    	number = 4,
    	pages = "589-596",
    	note = "Times Cited: 4 Jennings, James/E-5725-2010; Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011; Wang, Hongxia/J-1107-2012 Jennings, James/0000-0002-8887-4794; Wang, Hongxia/0000-0003-0146-5259 4",
    	year = 2011
    }
    

16. Keri L McCall, James R Jennings, Hongxia Wang, Ana Morandeira, Laurence M Peter, James R Durrant, Lesley J Yellowlees, Derek J Woollins and Neil Robertson. Novel ruthenium bipyridyl dyes with S-donor ligands and their application in dye-sensitized solar cells. Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology a-Chemistry 202(2-3):196-204, 2009.
    BibTeX

    @article{Novel ruthenium bipyridyl dyes with S-donor ligands and their application in dye-sensitized solar cells,
    	author = "McCall, Keri L. and Jennings, James R. and Wang, Hongxia and Morandeira, Ana and Peter, Laurence M. and Durrant, James R. and Yellowlees, Lesley J. and Woollins, J. Derek and Robertson, Neil",
    	title = "Novel ruthenium bipyridyl dyes with S-donor ligands and their application in dye-sensitized solar cells",
    	journal = "Journal of Photochemistry and Photobiology a-Chemistry",
    	volume = 202,
    	number = "2-3",
    	pages = "196-204",
    	note = "Times Cited: 16 Jennings, James/E-5725-2010; Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011; Wang, Hongxia/J-1107-2012 Jennings, James/0000-0002-8887-4794; Wang, Hongxia/0000-0003-0146-5259 16",
    	year = 2009
    }
    

17. Keri L McCall, Ana Morandeira, James Durrant, Lesley J Yellowlees and Neil Robertson. Characterisation of a ruthenium bipyridyl dye showing a long-lived charge-separated state on TiO2 in the presence of I-/I-3(-). Dalton Transactions 39(17):4138-4145, 2010.
    BibTeX

    @article{Characterisation of a ruthenium bipyridyl dye showing a long-lived charge-separated state on TiO2 in the presence of I-/I-3(-),
    	author = "McCall, Keri L. and Morandeira, Ana and Durrant, James and Yellowlees, Lesley J. and Robertson, Neil",
    	title = "Characterisation of a ruthenium bipyridyl dye showing a long-lived charge-separated state on TiO2 in the presence of I-/I-3(-)",
    	journal = "Dalton Transactions",
    	volume = 39,
    	number = 17,
    	pages = "4138-4145",
    	note = "Times Cited: 8 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 8",
    	year = 2010
    }
    

18. Lucy P Moorcraft, Lorna A Jack, James R Jennings, Laurence M Peter, Lesley J Yellowlees and Neil Robertson. Synthesis and properties of Pt(4-CO2CH3-py)(2)(dmit) and Pt(4-NO2-py)(2)(mnt) : Exploring tunable Pt dyes. Polyhedron 28(18):4084-4090, 2009.
    BibTeX

    @article{Synthesis and properties of Pt(4-CO2CH3-py)(2)(dmit) and Pt(4-NO2-py)(2)(mnt) : Exploring tunable Pt dyes,
    	author = "Moorcraft, Lucy P. and Jack, Lorna A. and Jennings, James R. and Peter, Laurence M. and Yellowlees, Lesley J. and Robertson, Neil",
    	title = "Synthesis and properties of Pt(4-CO2CH3-py)(2)(dmit) and Pt(4-NO2-py)(2)(mnt) : Exploring tunable Pt dyes",
    	journal = "Polyhedron",
    	volume = 28,
    	number = 18,
    	pages = "4084-4090",
    	note = "Times Cited: 1 Jennings, James/E-5725-2010; Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 Jennings, James/0000-0002-8887-4794; 1",
    	year = 2009
    }
    

19. Lucy P Moorcraft, Ana Morandeira, James R Durrant, James R Jennings, Laurence M Peter, Simon Parsons, Andrew Turner, Lesley J Yellowlees and Neil Robertson. Synthesis and properties of Pt(4-CO2CH3-py)(2)(mnt) : comparison of pyridyl and bipyridyl-based dyes for solar cells. Dalton Transactions (48):6940-6947, 2008.
    BibTeX

    @article{Synthesis and properties of Pt(4-CO2CH3-py)(2)(mnt) : comparison of pyridyl and bipyridyl-based dyes for solar cells,
    	author = "Moorcraft, Lucy P. and Morandeira, Ana and Durrant, James R. and Jennings, James R. and Peter, Laurence M. and Parsons, Simon and Turner, Andrew and Yellowlees, Lesley J. and Robertson, Neil",
    	title = "Synthesis and properties of Pt(4-CO2CH3-py)(2)(mnt) : comparison of pyridyl and bipyridyl-based dyes for solar cells",
    	journal = "Dalton Transactions",
    	number = 48,
    	pages = "6940-6947",
    	note = "Times Cited: 10 Jennings, James/E-5725-2010; Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 Jennings, James/0000-0002-8887-4794; 11",
    	year = 2008
    }
    

20. M Murdoch, G I N Waterhouse, M A Nadeem, J B Metson, M A Keane, R F Howe, J Llorca and H Idriss. The effect of gold loading and particle size on photocatalytic hydrogen production from ethanol over Au/TiO2 nanoparticles. Nature Chemistry 3(6):489-492, 2011.
    BibTeX

    @article{The effect of gold loading and particle size on photocatalytic hydrogen production from ethanol over Au/TiO2 nanoparticles,
    	author = "Murdoch, M. and Waterhouse, G. I. N. and Nadeem, M. A. and Metson, J. B. and Keane, M. A. and Howe, R. F. and Llorca, J. and Idriss, H.",
    	title = "The effect of gold loading and particle size on photocatalytic hydrogen production from ethanol over Au/TiO2 nanoparticles",
    	journal = "Nature Chemistry",
    	volume = 3,
    	number = 6,
    	pages = "489-492",
    	note = "Times Cited: 52",
    	year = 2011
    }
    

21. M Murdoch, G W N Waterhouse, M A Nadeem, M A Keane, R F Howe, J Llorca and Hicham Idriss. Photocatalytic hydrogen production from ethanol over Au/TiO2 anatase and rutile nanoparticles: Effect of Au particle size. Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society 239, 2010.
    BibTeX

    @article{Photocatalytic hydrogen production from ethanol over Au/TiO2 anatase and rutile nanoparticles: Effect of Au particle size,
    	author = "Murdoch, M. and Waterhouse, G. W. N. and Nadeem, M. A. and Keane, M. A. and Howe, R. F. and Llorca, J. and Idriss, Hicham",
    	title = "Photocatalytic hydrogen production from ethanol over Au/TiO2 anatase and rutile nanoparticles: Effect of Au particle size",
    	journal = "Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society",
    	volume = 239,
    	note = "Times Cited: 0",
    	year = 2010
    }
    

22. F A Nueesch, H M Upadhyaya, T M Razykov and A N Tiwari. Introduction to the special issue on organic photovoltaics and dye sensitized solar cells Preface. Solar Energy 85(6):1171-1171, 2011.
    BibTeX

    @article{Introduction to the special issue on organic photovoltaics and dye sensitized solar cells Preface,
    	author = "Nueesch, F. A. and Upadhyaya, H. M. and Razykov, T. M. and Tiwari, A. N.",
    	title = "Introduction to the special issue on organic photovoltaics and dye sensitized solar cells Preface",
    	journal = "Solar Energy",
    	volume = 85,
    	number = 6,
    	pages = "1171-1171",
    	note = "Times Cited: 0 Si 0",
    	year = 2011
    }
    

23. Marek F Oszajca, Keri L McCall, Neil Robertson and Konrad Szacilowski. Photocurrent Switching Effects in TiO2 Modified with Ruthenium Polypyridine Complexes. Journal of Physical Chemistry C 115(24):12187-12195, 2011.
    BibTeX

    @article{Photocurrent Switching Effects in TiO2 Modified with Ruthenium Polypyridine Complexes,
    	author = "Oszajca, Marek F. and McCall, Keri L. and Robertson, Neil and Szacilowski, Konrad",
    	title = "Photocurrent Switching Effects in TiO2 Modified with Ruthenium Polypyridine Complexes",
    	journal = "Journal of Physical Chemistry C",
    	volume = 115,
    	number = 24,
    	pages = "12187-12195",
    	note = "Times Cited: 5 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 5",
    	year = 2011
    }
    

24. Miquel Planells, Antonio Abate, Derek J Hollman, Samuel D Stranks, Vishal Bharti, Jitender Gaur, Dibyajyoti Mohanty, Suresh Chand, Henry J Snaith and Neil Robertson. Diacetylene bridged triphenylamines as hole transport materials for solid state dye sensitized solar cells. Journal of Materials Chemistry A 1(23):6949-6960, 2013.
    BibTeX

    @article{Diacetylene bridged triphenylamines as hole transport materials for solid state dye sensitized solar cells,
    	author = "Planells, Miquel and Abate, Antonio and Hollman, Derek J. and Stranks, Samuel D. and Bharti, Vishal and Gaur, Jitender and Mohanty, Dibyajyoti and Chand, Suresh and Snaith, Henry J. and Robertson, Neil",
    	title = "Diacetylene bridged triphenylamines as hole transport materials for solid state dye sensitized solar cells",
    	journal = "Journal of Materials Chemistry A",
    	volume = 1,
    	number = 23,
    	pages = "6949-6960",
    	note = "Times Cited: 0 0",
    	year = 2013
    }
    

25. Miquel Planells, Luke X Reynolds, Umesh Bansode, Shraddha Chhatre, Satishchandra Ogale, Neil Robertson and Saif A Haque. Synthesis and optical characterisation of triphenylamine-based hole extractor materials for CdSe quantum dots. Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics 15(20):7679-7684, 2013.
    BibTeX

    @article{Synthesis and optical characterisation of triphenylamine-based hole extractor materials for CdSe quantum dots,
    	author = "Planells, Miquel and Reynolds, Luke X. and Bansode, Umesh and Chhatre, Shraddha and Ogale, Satishchandra and Robertson, Neil and Haque, Saif A.",
    	title = "Synthesis and optical characterisation of triphenylamine-based hole extractor materials for CdSe quantum dots",
    	journal = "Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics",
    	volume = 15,
    	number = 20,
    	pages = "7679-7684",
    	note = "Times Cited: 0 0",
    	year = 2013
    }
    

26. N Robertson. Optimizing dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells. Angewandte Chemie-International Edition 45(15):2338-2345, 2006.
    BibTeX

    @article{Optimizing dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells,
    	author = "Robertson, N.",
    	title = "Optimizing dyes for dye-sensitized solar cells",
    	journal = "Angewandte Chemie-International Edition",
    	volume = 45,
    	number = 15,
    	pages = "2338-2345",
    	note = "Times Cited: 401 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 404",
    	year = 2006
    }
    

27. Neil Robertson. Catching the rainbow: Light harvesting in dye-sensitized solar cells. Angewandte Chemie-International Edition 47(6):1012-1014, 2008.
    BibTeX

    @article{Catching the rainbow: Light harvesting in dye-sensitized solar cells,
    	author = "Robertson, Neil",
    	title = "Catching the rainbow: Light harvesting in dye-sensitized solar cells",
    	journal = "Angewandte Chemie-International Edition",
    	volume = 47,
    	number = 6,
    	pages = "1012-1014",
    	note = "Times Cited: 87 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 87",
    	year = 2008
    }
    

28. Neil Robertson. Cu-I versus Ru-II: Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and Beyond. Chemsuschem 1(12):977-979, 2008.
    BibTeX

    @article{Cu-I versus Ru-II: Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and Beyond,
    	author = "Robertson, Neil",
    	title = "Cu-I versus Ru-II: Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells and Beyond",
    	journal = "Chemsuschem",
    	volume = 1,
    	number = 12,
    	pages = "977-979",
    	note = "Times Cited: 12 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 12",
    	year = 2008
    }
    

29. Neil Robertson, Ken L McCall, Ana Morandiera, James R Durrant, Laurence M Peter, James R Jennings, Andrew Turner and Lesley J Yellowlees. INOR 329-Dithiolenes as functional ligands in solar cell dyes. Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society 236, 2008.
    BibTeX

    @article{INOR 329-Dithiolenes as functional ligands in solar cell dyes,
    	author = "Robertson, Neil and McCall, Ken L. and Morandiera, Ana and Durrant, James R. and Peter, Laurence M. and Jennings, James R. and Turner, Andrew and Yellowlees, Lesley J.",
    	title = "INOR 329-Dithiolenes as functional ligands in solar cell dyes",
    	journal = "Abstracts of Papers of the American Chemical Society",
    	volume = 236,
    	note = "Times Cited: 0 Jennings, James/E-5725-2010; Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 Jennings, James/0000-0002-8887-4794; 236th National Meeting of the American-Chemical-Society Aug 17-21, 2008 Philadelphia, PA Amer Chem Soc 0",
    	year = 2008
    }
    

30. Ahmed M Soliman, Mohammed Abdelhameed, Eli Zysman-Colman and Pierre D Harvey. Monitoring the on-off switching of the electronic communication in diethynylplatinum(II)-bridged dyads using triplet energy transfer. Chemical Communications 49(49):5544-5546, 2013.
    BibTeX

    @article{Monitoring the on-off switching of the electronic communication in diethynylplatinum(II)-bridged dyads using triplet energy transfer,
    	author = "Soliman, Ahmed M. and Abdelhameed, Mohammed and Zysman-Colman, Eli and Harvey, Pierre D.",
    	title = "Monitoring the on-off switching of the electronic communication in diethynylplatinum(II)-bridged dyads using triplet energy transfer",
    	journal = "Chemical Communications",
    	volume = 49,
    	number = 49,
    	pages = "5544-5546",
    	note = "Times Cited: 0 0",
    	year = 2013
    }
    

31. H M Upadhyaya, N Hirata, S A Haque, M A Paoli and J R Durrant. Kinetic competition in flexible dye sensitised solar cells employing a series of polymer electrolytes. Chemical Communications (8):877-879, 2006.
    BibTeX

    @article{Kinetic competition in flexible dye sensitised solar cells employing a series of polymer electrolytes,
    	author = "Upadhyaya, H. M. and Hirata, N. and Haque, S. A. and de Paoli, M. A. and Durrant, J. R.",
    	title = "Kinetic competition in flexible dye sensitised solar cells employing a series of polymer electrolytes",
    	journal = "Chemical Communications",
    	number = 8,
    	pages = "877-879",
    	note = "Times Cited: 6 De Paoli, Marco-Aurelio/E-4551-2011 6",
    	year = 2006
    }
    

32. Vivienne A White, Russell D L Johnstone, Keri L McCall, Nicholas J Long, Alexandra M Z Slawin and Neil Robertson. Binuclear and trinuclear complexes of exoO(2)-cyclam. Dalton Transactions (27):2942-2948, 2007.
    BibTeX

    @article{Binuclear and trinuclear complexes of exoO(2)-cyclam,
    	author = "White, Vivienne A. and Johnstone, Russell D. L. and McCall, Keri L. and Long, Nicholas J. and Slawin, Alexandra M. Z. and Robertson, Neil",
    	title = "Binuclear and trinuclear complexes of exoO(2)-cyclam",
    	journal = "Dalton Transactions",
    	number = 27,
    	pages = "2942-2948",
    	note = "Times Cited: 2 Robertson, Neil/E-6604-2011 2",
    	year = 2007
    }